And his understandable expressions of regret—now that his book is tanking—come as too little, too late.
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Adherence to a reasonable level of understandability would prevent an organization from deliberately obfuscating financial information in order to mislead users of its financial statements. All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional. Informed consent was obtained from all students who participated in this study.
- Thus, it can be inferred that assessment of students’ beliefs toward EBP is importance to ensure holding of the basic aspects of it in the early start of their professional life.
- All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only.
- The purpose of the current study was to validate and carry out the linguistic-cultural adaptation of the S-EBPQ for the Arabic language.
- The tool is consisting of 21 items and 3 participants were assigned for each item.
- In addition, 72 participants involved in pilot testing for reliability assessment.
- Another limitation is the use of convenience sampling in recruiting the sample.
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Another limitation is the use of convenience sampling in recruiting the sample. Further research studies should be conducted using Arabic version of S-EBPQ with larger sample in different settings. Another study done among mental health nurses in Saudi Arabia found that nurses relied on their experience and social interaction as the most frequent sources of knowledge.
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This point is crucial because undergraduate may possess the skill for search but they lack the ability to conduct research or the proper appraisal of articles [1]. On a related note, a study done among 118 American students found that it was difficult for them to distinguish between EBP and research [10]. While [5] carried out a study among 188 nursing bridge program and found that implementation of evidence is very poor and identified when is the end of this quarter training and seminars as influential factors of EBP implementation. Contributed to IRB approval, proposal development, data collection, translation process, results including figures and graphs, discussion, manuscript preparation, and publication process. A methodological study design was used to translate the Student Evidence Based Practice Questionnaire (S-EBPQ) into the Arabic language and evaluate its validity and reliability.
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The study was carried out with the approval from the King Saud University, Nursing College. Is to validate and carry out the linguistic-cultural adaptation of the S-EBPQ for the Arabic language. The preceding concepts do not mean that complex information should be excluded from the financial statements. For example, the concepts related to pensions and derivatives are not easy to understand. In these situations, apply the understandability concept as much as possible, but still present the required information. Perhaps elsewhere and under more suitable circumstances I may be able to put my thought into words, precise and understandable.
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Face validity is frequently used as an evaluation criterion to show robustness under inspection and to show the degree of understanding by the target population toward questionnaire items [19]. In the current study, face validity testing involving 15 participants were asked about questionnaire response format, clarity, wording, language, and time required. Their responses indicated the appropriateness for use among the Arabic-speaking population. In addition, 72 participants involved in pilot testing for reliability assessment. The Cronbach’s Alpha was 0.963, indicating that the tool is reliable. In the current paper, existed questionnaire in English language was to translated forward (Arabic language).
The process included forward translation, content validity, backward translations, and face validation. The internal reliability of the questionnaire was evaluated using Cronbach’s Alpha, the most commonly used tool to measure instrument reliability. The Pearson Correlation Index (PCI) was used to determine if there was a relationship between the student’s score on the questionnaire and their age and gender. Improving their belief about EBP is the key toward proper application of evidence, it reflects on the individual perception on the value toward EBP and the perceived self confidence in own knowledge [15]. And improving the education process is mandatory to ensure that student embrace the right attitude.
To compute the Item-Content Validity Index (I-CVI), it was assigned a value of 1 to (3–4) that was given by expert panel and a value of 0 to (1–2) that was given by expert panel. These numbers were eventually added together and divided by the number of experts. The obtained values were totaled and divided by the number of items. Finally, the Scale-Content Validity Index/Average (S-CVI / Ave) was computed by dividing the total of the I-CVI values by the number of questionnaire items.